The U.S. Senate Committee on Finance convened on July 30, 2025, to discuss critical minerals and the potential for partnerships between the United States and African nations. The meeting highlighted the importance of securing access to these vital resources, particularly in the context of national security and economic stability.

During the session, officials emphasized the need for U.S. companies to gain better access to critical minerals in various regions of Africa, including West, Central, East, and South Africa. The discussion included strategies to leverage existing mechanisms, such as the U.S. International Development Finance Corporation (DFC), to facilitate this access. The goal is to support U.S. businesses seeking assistance in establishing operations in these regions.

A significant portion of the meeting focused on the implications of China's dominance in the critical minerals supply chain. Witnesses pointed out that China's control over extraction, processing, and production of key minerals poses strategic risks to the U.S. economy and military. For instance, it was noted that China processes nearly 100% of the global supply of certain minerals, such as graphite, and has heavily invested in cobalt production. This dominance was described as a threat to U.S. national security, particularly highlighted during the COVID-19 pandemic when the interconnectedness of the U.S. economy with China became apparent.

The committee's discussions underscored the urgency for the U.S. to develop a robust critical mineral strategy that not only secures supply chains but also fosters partnerships with African nations. The meeting concluded with a call to action for U.S. policymakers to prioritize these efforts to mitigate risks and enhance national security.